75 years of Indian Constitution

75 Years Down the line, whither Indian Constitution? Ram Puniyani The Indian Parliament spent two days discussing the Indian Constitution. While the opposition leaders argued that our Constitution has a large space for enhancement of the rights of weaker sections of society, for religious minorities among others, they are suffering terribly. Muslims have been reduced to second class citizenship. Ruling dispensation, the BJP leaders within the Parliament and its ideologues outside the parliament, argued that all the ills of society and violation of Constitutional values began with Nehru (Amendment to stop hate speech), via Indira Gandhi (Emergency), via Rajiv Gandhi (Shah Bano Bill) to Rahul Gandhi (tearing the bill) have been the violators of the values of Constitution. BJP leaders and Hindu nationalist ideologues are stating that the Indian Constitution has been based on Western values, a colonial imprint on our society; it is a break from India's civilization and culture. They also argue that the constitution and its application is the appeasement of Muslim minorities for vote bank purposes that has been done by the Congress Party. As we know the constitution was the outcome of the values which emerged during the freedom movement. It also kept in mind the long tradition of our civilization. The understanding of our civilization is very different for those who participated in the freedom movement, those who stand for its ideology and those who kept aloof from the anti colonial movement and bowed to the British rulers. While the freedom movement saw India as a plural nation with rich diversities, those who stood aloof saw the civilization as Hindu civilization. For them pluralism is a diversion and imposition by the educated, modern leaders. Even RSS combine forgets that what they call as Hindu civilization is undermining the contributions of Jainism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam and Sikhism to our civilization. Even the interpretation of Lord Ram, their major icon, is so diverse for Kabir, who saw the Lord as Universal spirit, for Gandhi who saw Him as protector of all the people irrespective of their religion in his famous: Ishawar Allah Tero Naam (Allah and Iswar are same). Jawaharlal Nehru saw India, Bharat Mata, in ‘The Discovery of India’, as an “ancient palimpsest on which layer upon layer of thought and reverie had been inscribed, and yet no succeeding layer had completely hidden or erased what had been written previously.” With great pride he recalled the rule of Emperor Ashok, who in many edicts itched on stones talked of equal treatment for Vedic Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Ajivikas. This is the core difference between RSS combine and its ideologues that see India as exclusively Brahmanical Hindu, and those like Gandhi and Nehru as a country belonging to all the people. Indian Constituent Assembly mainly represented the stream which struggled against the British, the national stream, while RSS was a marginal stream sticking to ‘India as Brahmanical Hindu nation’. This started getting reflected immediately after the draft of the Indian Constitution. While Ambedkar and Nehru were cautious and stated the implementation of its basic structure should be ensured by those ruling the country. PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 1998, formed Venkatchaliah Commission to review the constitution. Dr. K.R. Narayanan, the then President of India aptly remarked “it is not that Constitution that has failed us; it is we who have failed the constitution! This is so true particularly after the rule of the Modi Government. It is during this period that though the Constitution has not been changed as such, though many from the RSS camp have expressed their wish to do so, without getting reprimanded from the top leadership. This was most blatantly stated to back up their slogan of 400 Par (More than 400 seats in Parliament), meaning that we want so many seats so that we can change the Constitution. The blatant rise of Hate speech, lately most clearly stated by sitting Judge of Allahabad High Court, Shekhar Kumar Yadav, when participating in the VHP's meeting stated “The country will run as per the wishes of its majority. Justice Yadav made the remarks while delivering an address on the “Constitutional Necessity of Uniform Civil Code”. “Only what benefits the welfare and happiness of the majority will be accepted,” Yadav said. Worse than his stating so, has been the statement of Yogi Aditynath, the UP CM, who supported Yadav’ utterances. Mercifully the Supreme Court has taken cognizance of Yadav's communal hate speech. Who will take cognizance of Yogi’s supporting him? Commenting on the current state of Affairs Justice Aspi Chinoy made a very apt comment, he said, "The BJP being the government at the Centre and having an absolute and overwhelming majority in Parliament, sees no need to alter the de jure status of India as a secular country and constitution. Being in control of the state and its diverse instrumentalities it has been able to achieve its goal of undermining India's secular constitution and introduce a hindutva based ethnocracy, even without amending and altering the de jure secular status," This sectarianism of ruling BJP goes back to the time when the draft of Constitution was released. Couple of days’ later the RSS mouthpiece (unofficial) Organiser stated on 30th November 1949. “The worst [thing] about the new Constitution of Bharat is that there is nothing Bharatiya about it… [T]here is no trace of ancient Bharatiya constitutional laws, institutions, nomenclature and phraseology in it”. Meaning that Manusmriti has been ignored by makers of the Indian Constitution! The father of Hindu Nationalist politics, V D Savarkar was quoted by Rahul Gandhi while participating in debate, "The worst thing about the Constitution of India is that there is nothing Indian about it. Manusmriti is that scripture which is most worshippable after Vedas for our Hindu nation and from which our ancient times have become the basis for our culture, customs, thought and practice.” Stating Manusmriti is the law today. The crux of the matter comes to the surface when we compare the chief of the drafting committee of Indian Constitution Ambedkar and one of the RSS Sarsanghchalk, K. Sudarshan. Ambedkar burnt the Manusmiriti and drafted the Indian Constitution. RSS Chief went on the label Indian Constitution as being based on Western Values and need to bring Indian Constitution based on Indian Holy book!

Worsening Spiral of Hate

Worsening Spiral of Hate speech: Demonization of Religious Minorities Ram Puniyani RSS-BJP and its affiliates take every opportunity to deepen the demonization of religious minorities. Though there are legal provisions for punishing these Hate speeches mostly they go unpunished. Last decade as the communal party is in power the phenomenon has seen a dangerous downslide, which is leading to negative social perceptions about the religious minorities. As reflected in the community whatsapp groups and social attitudes; hating these minorities has become a sort of normal discourse among large sections of society. The increasing intensity of spewing hate is the root due to which negative social perceptions are constructed which in turn lead to severe blow to the concepts of fraternity and communal amity, one of the three legs of the tripod of Indian Constitution. There are newer dog whistles, as such they are no more just dog whistles; these are more a call to action. They are built on the existing misconceptions and add on to the process of divisiveness. The perceptions like Mughal kings were outsiders and wrought injustices to Hindus, they were temple destroyers, they imposed Islam by force have rapidly been added on to slogans like, ‘Hum Do Hamare do, who Panch unke Pacchis’, (We [Hindus] are two, and they [Muslim] are twenty five), refugee camps housing Muslims were called ‘child production factories’. The new add on are ‘they can be recognized by their clothes, they are killers of our Holy mother- the Cow, they are luring our girls- women through love jihad. Now love jihad is followed by jihad series, the latest being land jihad and vote jihad. In the wake of the 2024 Lok Sabha Elections Modi came out with Hate speeches by the dozen. As per Human Rights Watch, Modi had made 110 hate speeches in those elections. The report says, “Modi made Islamophobic remarks intended to undermine the political opposition, which he said promoted Muslim rights, and to foster fear among the majority Hindu community through disinformation.” Another sample is equally horrifying. Referring to reservations to Muslims as “appeasement” by the Congress, he said, "This is a part of despicable attempts at Islamisation of India and pushing it towards divisions. When the UPA govt came to power, it made such attempts at that time too. BJP had carried out a massive agitation. So, be it Justice Verma committee report or the Sachar committee report, they were all attempts by Congress to loot the reservation of OBCs, SCs and STs” (The Times of India, 2024c). The assembly elections in Jharkhand and Maharashtra saw the peak of this phenomenon yet again. In Jharkhand Himant Biswa Sarma of BJP focused on propaganda of Muslim infiltrators in the state. BJP issued a very demeaning advertisement, which showed a large Muslim family invading the Hindu household and taking it over. One knows Jharkhand has no international border, so who are these Muslims taking over a Hindu household. For a change Election commission got it pulled down but its source and already circulated video may be available at places. Another hate provoking propaganda was that Muslims marry Adivasis women and take over the Adivasi land. No data is needed to support this kite flying so far it serves the purpose of divisive politics. The slogan given was that the Muslim infiltrators were taking away your Roti, Beti, Mati (Livelihood, daughter, land) This statement was from the Prime Minister of the country! The core slogan this time was from Yogi Aditya Nath. Batenge to Katenge… (If we are divided we will be butchered). He meant Hindu unity. Backing him up the father organization of BJP, RSSs’ Dattatray Hosabale made it clear that, “The important point is that when Hindus are united, it will be beneficial for all. Unity of Hindus is the Sangh’s lifetime pledge..,”. Modifying a bit on Adityanath’s ‘Batenge to Katenge’ Mr. Modi Came up with ‘Ek hain to safe hain’ (If Hindus are united they will be safe) putting forward that the Hindu unity is foundation for keeping them safe from apparently the minorities, because of whom ‘Hindu Khatre mein hai’ (Hindu in Danger). Maharashtra Chief Minister not only focused on land jihad and vote jihad, he went on to call the Bharat Jodo Yatra as the one which had participation of Urban Naxals and ultra left, apart from the other slogans. The impact of this is shown not only on the polarization and thereby the voting pattern but also on social perceptions, as reflected in the thousands of whatsapp groups and drawing room chats of Hindu Households. Christophe Jaffrelot, the outstanding scholar focusing on Hindu Nationalism’s rise in particular, quotes from a study conducted by CSDS from March 28 to April 2024 by scholars. The study tried to elicit the opinions of Hindus about how they see Muslims. In an immaculate study they solicited answers to questions like are Muslims not as trustworthy as anyone else, are they being appeased etc. The study shows the empirical presence of negative perceptions in society overall. Scholars should also be able to help us how these negative sentiments are worsening over the years and decades. To cap it all, BJP and Modi are trying to say, as reflected in Modi’s speech, that they will not indulge in communal rhetoric. In interviews with journalists, when asked about anti-Muslim speeches during the campaign, Modi responded: “The day I start talking about Hindu-Muslim [in politics], I will be unfit for public life. “I will not do Hindu-Muslim”. That is my resolve.” The gross difference between what one says and what one's actions is so apparent here! It is these perceptions among Hindus that leads to an atmosphere of hate in the country. The spiral of Hate is worsening by the day; it leads to ghettoisation on one hand and pushing the Muslims community towards ‘second class citizenship’ on the other. How to combat this divisiveness? There is a need to inculcate among the people the alternative narrative which was the base of India’s freedom movement, the narrative which talks of the syncretic traditions of India, the narrative which led to unity of people of all religions to participate in freedom movement, the values of which are enshrined in our Constitution.

Was Bharat Jodo Yatra Subversive?

Was ‘Bharat Jodo Yatra’ Subversive? Ram Puniyani As assembly elections in Maharashtra are progressing; the mindset of BJP was expressed in a clear way by the Maharashtra Deputy CM, previous CM and a top BJP leader Devendra Fadnavis. In an interview to TOI, and in several speeches, he blames the downward performance of BJP in 2024 Elections to the Bharat Jodo Yatra. As per him the BJP failed to counter the narrative set by the Yatra. This led to the decline of BJP MP Seats from (2019) 23 to 9 (2024). In this context he approached various organizations (30) affiliated to RSS to set the counter narrative. He also revealed an open secret that when in trouble he consults his parent organization RSS to brighten the electoral prospects of BJP. Just to recall the first yatra, was called the ‘Bharat Jodo Yatra’, which started on September 7, 2022, from the south in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu This was concluded in January 2023, in the north in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. It covered 4,080 kms, across 12 states. The second one called Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra travelled from east to west. This started on January14 from Thoubal in Manipur, which covered 6,713 kms through 15 states before culminating in Mumbai on March 16. As per Fadnavis now Rahul Gandhi is surrounded by Urban Naxals and Ultra left elements and he is less of a congressman more of ultra left ideologue! Right wing Hindu Nationalists true to their Guru M.S. Golwalkar’s formulation (Bunch of Thoughts page 133,) Muslims, Christians and Communists are the internal threats to Hindu Nation, Fadnavis and his ilk will label anything against the agenda of Hindu Rashtra (Nation) as either pampering Muslims or Christians or Urban Naxals or Ultra left today. Urban Naxal word has been coined for all the human rights activists. Ultra left is the word for mostly those working for the rights of all deprived sections of society. Why was Bharat Jodo Yatra (BJY) conceived and taken out? Clearly the then 8-9 years old Modi Government’s rule had stifled the voices being raised for protection of values inherent in the Indian Constitution. It was the culmination of the social discomfort due to Government policies which were being directed against citizenship rights of Muslims, against the worsening plight of average people. It was conceived to unite India on the lines of what Mahatma Gandhi did while leading the anti-colonial movement. What was the agenda of the BJY? As clear from the title; its aim was to instill a sense of oneness amongst Indians, irrespective of their caste, color, religion and gender? It was airing the demands for most disadvantaged sections of social groups’ rights through various slogans, including the one demanding caste census. The response to this yatra was magical; making people from most strata of life join it or see its spectacle from the sidelines. They perceived that long years of divisive politics and implementation of policies which favored the rich and affluent are harming the unity of the country and the plight of average people. They perceived that this event will restore the situation in a better direction. This yatra stood in stark contrast to the Yatra taken out by Fadnavis’ peer Lal Krishna Advani. That yatra (Advani) was on the emotive issue, around a make believe notion of Hindu temple having been destroyed centuries ago by a Muslim king. Advanis’ yatra saw the bloodshed all the way on its route. And later when its fall out, Babri demolition took place much more violence was witnessed and Hate against Muslims got further entrenched in the society. That Yatra, which Fadnavis welcomed with glee, led to the upswing and strength of the communal party. This Yatra (BJY) was a total contrast. There was no emotive issue. It kept the Indian Constitution at the center and united the Indians on the identity of Indians. Fadanvis is more concerned about the red cover of the book (Constitution), because the contents of this book don’t matter to him. And he also forgot that this red cover edition of the Constitution was presented by the Supreme Leader Narendra Modi to Ram Nath Kovind. There was an apprehension during BJY whether the visible support to the Yatra will change the electoral equations. While not fully but in part, the Yatra has dented the then prevailing electoral dominance of communal parties. To its great credit the statement BJY is impacting Maharashtra election coming from Horse’s mouth (Fadnavis) is the big validation of its impact on electoral politics. So far the dominant discourse was that of prevalent Hindu Right wing nationalism. That has been partly combated by this BJY, while more needs to be done. Challenging the divisive communal discourse, which has been leading to Hate, fear and ghettoisation of minorities is partly challenged but a lot more needs to be done in this direction. What Mahatma had begun in a very powerful way was to give the message of unity of people cutting across religions. That’s what BJY tried and has to take it further. Another important fallout of the Yatra was laying the foundations of social platforms like Bharat Jodo Abhiyan and Eddulu Karnata. These have the potential to boost the values of the Indian Constitution. These groups working for ‘rights’ of diverse deprived and ‘less equal’ sections of society, have been coming together as collectives where they can assist each other in preserving the values of Indian Constitution. These groups are diverse, dedicated and firm on equal rights for all. The concept of rights for all is very troublesome for the Right Wings. In their agenda between ‘rights and duties’ there is a neat division. For them the affluent have all the rights and the deprived have all the duties. This is akin to the feudal kingdom systems where Kings Landlords, priests were endowed with all the rights and lower sections, including women, had all the duties. So was the distribution of and wealth. Thanks to Fadnavis we now know clearly that BJP suffered a setback due to BJA. Thanks to Fadnavis we know more clearly the deeper relations between RSS, Its progeny (which are not in electoral politics) and BJP which is their front on electoral chess Board. It was known but coming from the BJP leader himself, there should be no doubt about it now!

Abusing Hindu Festivals to spark Hate and Violence

Abusing Hindu Festivals to spark Violence and Hate Ram Puniyani Communal violence has been the bane of Indian society with increasing intensity. While in pre colonial era it was an occasional ethnic strife, from the period of British rule, it started to become a regularly occurring phenomenon. The communal historiography, looking at history through the prism of religion of the ruler, introduced by the British was the solid base of emergence of the narratives which formed the ground for emergence of the communal streams, Muslim and Hindu both. These streams devised their own mechanisms to create a ‘social common sense’ and mechanisms to instigate violence in the communities, based on religion. While this phenomenon has seen an exponential rise during the last three decades, scholars, journalists, activist- researchers have made serious efforts to understand the newer mechanism to communalize the majority community and also the newer ways of initiating the violence. A dogged journalist, Kunal Purohit in his remarkable path breaking book, ‘H-Pop’ brings to our notice how popular culture is being shaped by pop songs which are spreading Hatred against the heroes of National movement like Gandhi, Nehru in particular, and against the Muslims. He warns us the Hindutva pop stars are adding intense hatred particularly in the North Indian scenario. On the back of this book comes another important book, ‘Weaponization of Hindu Festivals’ by Irfan Engineer and Neha Dabhade (Pharos Media). Both these activists’- researchers are part of Center for Study of Society and Secularism, which was founded by legendary Asghar Ali Engineer. This center has constantly been monitoring and studying the nature and intensity of communal violence. In the wake of violence being orchestrated around Hindu festivals, particularly Ram Navami, the author duo has focused on the mechanism as to how festival celebrations have been made intimidatory and aggressive to the Muslim community, mostly leading to violence and polarization. As far Hindu festivals and their celebrations are concerned, from centuries they have assumed a sort of culturally integrating factor. The major example of this is that most Hindu festivals were celebrated not only in Mughal Courts but also were jointly celebrated with Muslims. I do recall the Ram Navami procession in my childhood was such a time to be joyous and go round the city in a procession in festive mood. This book is based on the in-depth inquiry into the violence instigated by the religious processions as a part of celebrations of festivals, Ram Navami in particular in years 2022-2023. It seriously analyses the incidents following the inquiry by the teams in which they participated. The violence covered in the book relates to Howrah and Hoogly (2023), Sambahji Nagar (2023),Vadodara (2023), Biharsharif and Sasaram 2023, Khargone (2022), Himmat Nagar and Khambat (2022) and Lohardagga (2022). This book is relevant as its observations can be of great help in preventing the violence by ensuring that the pattern which is coming into being should be prevented for maintaining peace among communities. Irfan Engineer in the introduction points out, “Even a small Group of Hindu nationalists masquerading as ‘religious procession’ could insist on passing through minority inhabited area and provoke some youth using political and abusive slogans and playing violent songs and music, hoping that a reaction, a stone would be thrown at them. The state would do the rest by arresting a large number of members of a minority and demolishing their homes and properties within days without any judicial procedure.” (Page 24) What needs to be understood for prevention is that most of the time these processions, which are well armed; deliberately decide to pass through Muslim majority areas, with loud music and provocative and abusive slogans. It has become a pattern that someone will climb over the mosque and replace the green flag with saffron flag and the crowds down below dance and give a big applause. Such a phenomenon has seen a boost particularly after the 2014 with the BJP government coming to power at center. The Khargone incident is very revealing in this regard. A minster of the MP Government said stones were thrown on the procession, which have come from Muslim Households, so these Households are to be turned into stones. Now these hooligans and organizers of such programs feel that ‘it is their government’ as the popular phrase says, “Sainya Bhaye Kotwal to dar Kahe ka” (If your husband is Chief police officer, why be afraid of anything). In addition to Ram Navami other local religious Yatras (processions), Ganga Aarti, (Prayer for river Ganges),Satsangs (religious meeting) , and other religious programs are being started with similar goals. The example of Kanwad Yatras (holy pilgrimage to collect Ganges water and to be put on Lord Shiva) is another example where the participants become aggressive. To add salt to the injury UP and Uttarakhand Government issued the order that all stalls and eateries on the path of Yatra should write the name of owner on the boards so that the Kanwadiyas (the participants in the pilgrimage) can avoid those owned by Muslims. Fortunately the Supreme Court has put a stay on this order. Such violence is intensifying the prevailing fears amongst Muslim community. It is deepening the polarization and is increasing the atmosphere of fear. The festivals, times to enjoy and celebrate, are being used to instill fear and violence. The book is very relevant as it calls upon the state to take measures by anticipating the moves of communal organizations planning such processions. Carrying arms and use of loud music with songs abusive to minority communities have to be stopped by administration. This is very much within the law, as we have laws to punish those spreading Hatred, the use of DJs can be prohibited. State has a crucial role to play in preventing this ghastly rise of denigrating religious festivals. A proper inquiry and suitable punishment to culprits is a must in addition to compensating the victims. And finally we have to start community programs for unity and amity, through cultural programs and popularization of films and videos promoting harmony. In the foreword, Tushar Gandhi, the great grandson of Mahatma Gandhi emphasizes that we need to reach the messages of Mahatma Gandhi time and over again to bring sanity to our society. This is so pertinent and crucial in present times. --

Promoting Love or instilling Hate and Fear

Promoting Love or instilling Hate and Fear Ram Puniyani India’s anti colonial struggle was accompanied by various diverse social phenomenons. One major of this was the ‘Hindu-Muslim’ Unity, and the emergence of the overall identity of Indians amongst people of all religions. The national, anti-colonial stream promoted this and the best embodiment of this was Mahatma Gandhi, who took three bullets on his bare chest for striving for this. He wrote, “The union that we want is not a patched up thing but a union of hearts based upon a definite recognition of the indubitable proposition that Swaraj (self rule) for India must be an impossible dream without an indissoluble union between the Hindus and Muslims of India. It must not be a mere truce. It cannot be based upon mutual fear. It must be a partnership between equals, each respecting the religion of the other.” In contrast to this the streams basing their nationalism under the mask of religion not only kept aloof from anti colonial struggle but also sowed the seeds and nurtured the plants of Hate and divisiveness. Golwalkar, the second Sarsanghchalak of RSS, wrote, “German race pride has now become the topic of the day. To keep up the purity of the Race and its culture, Germany shocked the world by her purging the country of the Semitic Races—the Jews. Race pride at its highest has been manifested here. Germany has also shown how well-nigh impossible it is for Races and cultures, having differences going to the root, to be assimilated into one united whole, a good lesson for us in Hindusthan to learn and profit by.” - We, or Our Nationhood Defined (Bharat Publications, Nagpur, 1939). This set the tone for RSS to propagate hate against Muslims and Christians in India. This Hate was the marginal tendency for decades but has emerged as the dominating ‘social common sense’ leading to series of anti-Muslim violence, their intimidation, lynching and what not leading to the phenomenon of ghettoisation, and relegating them to secondary position in society. The process is still on and different RSS-BJP leaders have used all their ‘innovation’ to create more hatred, they have kept adding on to the catchy slogans to demonize the Muslims. ‘They can be identified by their clothes’, ‘Shamshan-Kabristhan’, series of Jihads ‘Vote jihad’ being probably the latest among them. There is a long list of these. To cap it all two of their top leaders have peaked this phenomenon in recent times. One of them is Giriraj Singh who is amongst those leading the pack of Hate promoters. Recently he stated, "If a Muslim/Ghuspetiya (infiltrator) slaps you once, everyone should come together and slap him 100 times....Keep a sword, spear and trident in the house, worship it and if someone comes, protect yourself from him..." One is incidentally reminded of the father of the nation who went on to say that if someone slaps you on one Cheek put forward the other cheek. The two ideologies of Gandhi’s Indian nationalism, amity and love are being totally countered by the ideology of Hindu Nationalism by provoking violence, and hate. The downslide of amity and rise of Hate have run parallel with the divisive politics of sectarian nationalism, particularly after demolition of Babri mosque, followed by series of divisive campaigns. With BJP coming to power at center, the various wings of RSS and foot soldiers of divisive nationalism have felt that now they can enjoy impunity to the fullest extent. Around this time another divisive leader Yogi Adityanath, the introducer of bulldozer (in)justice has also thrown up a phrase ‘Batenge to Katenge’, i.e. Hindus should remain united else they will be slaughtered. This slogan has various dimensions, and the peak organization of Hindu nationalism has approved it. “The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh on Saturday (October 26, 2024) backed Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath’s controversial remark — ‘*batenge to katenge*’, claiming that Hindus ‘will be slaughtered if divided’ — with RSS general secretary Dattatreya Hosabale saying that the slogan, calling for unity among Hindus, is the lifetime pledge of the Sangh.” This has multiple dimensions. One is that RSS strategists feel that the decline of BJP fortunes in last Lok Sabha elections was due to shift of dalit votes to the INDIA coalition which stood solidly with the concept of social justice and demanding the caste based census. The threat that if dalit-OBC go to INDIA coalition Hindus will be slaughtered! By whom? As per this slogan it will be by the Muslims. On the contrary they have been left in the lurch during the last 75 years. RSS combine may even prop up the non applicable example of plight of Hindus in Bangladesh after the uprising (2024). Pakistan is always an evergreen (pun intended) example of the worsening plight of Hindus there. We must unite as Indians were the central plank of the freedom movement. Indian was the core theme of our unity during anti colonial struggle and it gets reflected in our Constitution. Gandhi, the greatest Hindu of 20th Century, never called for unity as Hindus. Neither the likes of Maulana Azad, Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan called for unity as Muslims. For BJP, which is not concerned about the welfare of ‘person standing last in line’, all its ideology, actions and utterances are contrary to what united India. It ridicules Rahul Gandhi’s (RG) call for ‘Mohabbat ki dukan’ (Shop of love) and questions as to why Rahul Gandhi does not meet RSS. Counter question is, why RSS wants to meet RG? RSS knows its politics is based on Hate (Muslims, Christians and those opposed to Hindu Nationalism), while RG is trying to put life back into the Indian National ethos of love and amity as underlined in our Constitution. Why should RG be interested in ideologues against whose ideology he is trying to raise his voice? If RSS wants to RG to meet RSS, it has to drastically change its ideology of division and adopt the values of Indian Constitution, the core of which is unity as Indians and fraternity between people irrespective of their religion. It is precisely for this reason that Nehru, Gandhi’s disciple, never gave importance to RSS, it is for this reason that Indira Gandhi refused to concede RSS Chief Balasaheb Deoras's request to meet her. RSS as per its character wants to derive its legitimacy even from those who oppose its politics .

Mohan Bhagwar: Dussera Speech

Restating the Agenda of Hindu Rashtra: RSS Chief sets the tone for BJP politics Ram Puniyani This 12th October 2024, the Vijayadashmi (Dussara), which is regarded as the foundation day of RSS, as is the practice of RSS Chief (Sarsanghchalak), Dr. Mohan Bhagwat gave a speech. This came in the background of his other significant speech in the aftermath of the slide down of BJP in 2024 General elections. In that speech he had targeted Narendra Modi. Modi had been claiming that he thinks he is non-biological, sent by God. As BJP slid down from 303 seats to 240, Bhagwat stated that “a Man wants to be superman, Then a Dev (deity) then a Bhagwan (God).” This was probably the first election where BJP claimed that it was earlier seeking the help of RSS as it was not that capable, now it is more capable. With this speech Bhagwat brought down the rising arrogance of Narendra Modi and RSS combine (called Sangh Parivar) became hyperactive in election in Haryana, and along with the helpful manipulations of Election Commission, BJP came to power, defying the perception of sure win of Congress party. Now in his Dussara speech he restated most of the policies of BJP, took on the states where the non BJP governments rule and outlined the deeper goals of RSS and the core of Hindutva politics, “Words like ‘Deep State’, ‘Wokeism’, ‘Cultural Marxist’ are enemies of all cultural traditions. Their modus operandi is first to bring educational institutions under their influence. They then try to destroy the thoughts, values and beliefs of the society. They then artificially create problems and inbuilt a feeling of victimhood in people. Then, they fan discontent, they make people aggressive, create an atmosphere of anarchy and instill fear and hatred towards the system, laws, governance in people. This makes it easy to establish one’s dominance over that country,” The less popular word wokeism is used in a derogatory way mostly by right wingers for “the behaviour and attitudes of people who are sensitive to social and political injustice” This is the core sentence of his talk. As such as the Hindu right wing has been dominating the social political scene RSS combine have adopted the modus operandi whereby through shakhas, schools like Sarswati Shishu Mandir, Ekal Vidyalays and word of mouth through its vast network it has influenced the social common sense which promotes conservatism, promotes caste and gender hierarchy. Lately through control of the media by sympathetic Corporate and IT cells of BJP the thinking of a large section of society is being shaped by Hindu nationalist discourse. Now what does wokeism do? It is the longing for a just society. It is against the discrimination on the grounds of caste, religion, color, language and supports the LGBT rights. These rights for equality of all beings are what pinch the Brahminical values, the core of Hindu nationalist politics. To slightly generalize it all the political tendencies parading themselves in the clothes of religion, Taliban, Muslim Brotherhood, politics in the name of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Myanmar, Christian fundamentalism promote inequality. They do have different expressions depending on the local situations. In another way the founders of Hindu nationalist ideology eulogized Manusmriti for the same, as it subjugates dalits and women. RSS also regards Muslims and Christians as foreigners. And it did covertly support the genocide of Sikhs in 1984. Right wing politics regards wokeism as evil as it is this which looks forward to values of equality, the goal of the journey of social movements in a society. It is precisely for this that democracy is a deeper longing for most movements of the deprived. While the movements of dalits, women and LGBT are looked down upon by Hindu nationalists in India, Women are the major targets in Muslim majority countries where fundamentalist forces rule. As RSS combine is for substituting the values of equality with the values of ‘ancient Golden period’, the values of inequality. The word Wokeism is being used by RSS ideologues for movements and ideas promoting rights of the deprived. While internal dynamics between RSS and BJP is a parivar matter, the basic values of the two remain the same, despite the ego clashes. On most of the other issues as Bhagwat repeated what BJP is practicing. He criticized the non BJP ruling states, “Due to this, today Punjab, Jammu-Kashmir, Ladakh on the north-western border of the country; Kerala, Tamil Nadu on the sea border; and the entire Purvanchal from Bihar to Manipur is disturbed,” The cat is out of the bag when he puts Ladhak and Manipur in the same category. Manipur has seen the worst type of violence against Kukis, and women in particular. The apathy of the BJP Government in the matter is more than disturbing. As far as Ladhak is concerned we have seen the best of the movements to protect the environment and demand for equal citizenship, as causes worthy for the struggle. And what a peaceful struggle it has been? The remarkable leadership of Sonam Wangchuk will be etched in the letters of gold. And how RSS progeny BJP has ignored the whole Ladhak movement, is a dark chapter of India’s contemporary history. His mention of R.G. Kar Medical college tragedy and keeping mum on the atrocities against women wrestlers, the rising atrocities on dalit girls is to say the least is most partisan. Once this gentlemen had proclaimed that rape happens in India (Urban) areas and not in Bharat (villages). Most of such cases in BJP ruled states have taken place in villages or small towns. A report released by the ministry of social justice and empowerment tells us” Uttar Pradesh with 12,287 reported cases, followed by Rajasthan with 8,651 and Madhya Pradesh with 7,732 cases of atrocities against Dalits in the year 2022 show a disturbing trend…) The gem from his speech comes when he asks the Hindus to unite and be strong, as the weak are not able to defend themselves. Are we all not united as Indians? Is there any problem in unity as Indians as per Indian Constitution? But to expect otherwise from Bhagwat will be illogical as their faith in Indian Constitution is also a mere show for electoral benefits.

Ahead of Elections :Cow as Rajyamata-Gomata:

Cow as Rajyamata: Savarkar as non-Vegetarian Ram Puniyani Cow has been playing an important emotive issue in Indian politics for the last three decades or so. Cow is propagated as a Holy animal. She has the status of mother for many and Hindu Nationalist politics has used this to the hilt in polarizing our society. Hindutva ideologue, Savarkar brought to fore the term Hindutva as ‘whole of Hinduness’ and not just Hindu religion. This was the premise on which RSS formulated its politics and the goal of Hindu nation, which it has been pursuing relentlessly from the last close to a century. Last three decades have been very beneficial for the RSS politics as the emotive issues raised by this organization are dominating the political scenario in the country. This came to the fore yet again recently (October 2024). On one hand the ruling coalition of Maharashtra led by BJP; declared Cow (only indigenous breed, called as Desi Gay in popular parlance) Rajyamata-Gomata (state mother- Cow mother). This surely has been done with an eye on forthcoming Maharashtra election. In Maharashtra as per popular perception BJP seems to be having not a very strong chance. In recently held Parliament elections it fared badly and since then it has resorted to such antics, which are polarizing to the core. As a matter of chance around the same time one Karnataka Minister made a statement that Savarkar, the father of Hindu nationalist ideology; was not against cow slaughter and did not regard Cow as sacred but a very useful animal, “At an event in Bengaluru organized to mark Gandhi Jayanti, Dinesh Gundu Rao claimed that Savarkar was not only a meat-eater, who consumed beef, but also propagated the practice publicly.” The Congress minister, Dinesh Gundu Rao said that Savarkar, despite being a Brahmin, did not adhere to traditional dietary restrictions and was a modernist, “Savarkar was a Brahmin, but he ate beef and was a non-vegetarian. He did not oppose cow slaughter; in fact, he was quite a modernist on that topic." That Savarkar ate meat is well known. In one of the famous visits of Gandhi to Savarkar in London, when he was raising support for his work in South Africa, he visited Savarkar. Savarkar was preparing his dinner. He was frying prawns, and offered them to Gandhi who declined as he was a strict vegetarian. Savarkar also stated that Cow should not be worshipped. Author Vaibhav Purandare stated that, “Savarkar held the view that the cow is only a bullock’s mother, and while there is no record of him eating it, he was not averse to eating beef,” the writer of ‘Savarkar: The True Story of The Father of Hindutva’,… at the Bangalore Literature Festival. Purandare said that Savarkar’s position was rather complicated on the issue of cow protection as he was of the opinion that if one deliberately killed cows to spite Hindus then it was a problem…However, he believed that if it was just for the sake of eating because you like it, then it is okay,” added the writer. As far as Cow and holiness is concerned a lot has been written about the sacrifice of cows during Vedic period. Swami Vivekananda in his various writings points out that Cow was sacrificed in the Holy rituals and eating it was not taboo. “You will be astonished if I tell you that, according to old ceremonials, he is not a good Hindu who does not eat beef. On certain occasions he must sacrifice a bull and eat it.” [Vivekananda speaking at the Shakespeare Club, Pasadena, California, USA (2 February 1900) on the theme of ‘Buddhistic India’, cited in Swami Vivekananda, The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda, Vol. 3 (Calcutta: Advaita Ashram, 1997), p. 536.] It is also to be noted that, “…it is corroborated by other research works sponsored by the Ramakrishna Mission established by Swami Vivekananda himself. One of these reads: “The Vedic Aryans, including the Brahmans, ate fish, meat and even beef. A distinguished guest was honored with beef served at a meal. Although the Vedic Aryans ate beef, milch cows were not killed. One of the words that designated cow was aghnya (what shall not be killed). But a guest was a goghna (one for whom a cow is killed). It is only bulls, barren cows and calves that were killed.”[C. Kunhan Raja, ‘Vedic Culture’, cited in the series, Suniti Kumar Chatterji and others (eds.), The Cultural Heritage of India, Vol 1 (Calcutta: The Ramakrishna Mission, 1993), 217.] Ambedkar’s studies also point in a similar direction, the historian of Ancient India Professor D. N. Jha, based on his scholarly work, Myth of Holy Cow points out that there are verses like Atho Annam via Gau (Cow is veritably food). It was the struggle between Buddhism and Brahmanism that Cow was later given the status of Mother, Holy etc. This was part of the resurgence of Brahminism and attack on Buddhism in India whereby Buddhism was wiped out from India. Later during the freedom movement as the Muslim and Hindu communal politics surged; the pig and cow were used by these political tendencies to strengthen themselves. Throwing pork in the mosque or beef in the temple was used to instigate communal violence which strengthened these divisive tendencies. Lately throwing beef in temples deliberately to provoke violence has also come to the fore. As the Cow slaughter ban has been brought to surface and starting from Akhlaq to Junaid to Rakbar Khan have been done to death on this issue, the fright among Muslim community is peaking. The phenomenon has been tormenting the minority community. Harsh Mander the well-known humanist has floated Caravan- a- Mohabbat to sooth the families of victims of lynching. It is only Muslims who are targeted, the other beef eaters in North Eastern states (Kiran Rijiju conceded he eats beef), Kerala and Goa have been spared. The Maharashtra Government has very cleverly called only ‘indigenous Cows’ as Rajyamata, and not the other cows. India is gradually peaking in beef export. Interestingly in author Vijay Trivedi’s Book on Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Haar nahin Manunga, tells us that once when Vajpayee was eating beef in America (page 236) he was reminded about this by his table partner. Vajpayee smiled it away saying that any way it is not Indian Cow, so where is the problem?