Kuldip Nayar
Gulf News, May 30, 2008
I do not want to belittle the Bharatiya Janata Party's (BJP) victory in Karnataka state election which has given it a foothold in the south for the first time since independence. My contention is that every such success lessens the space for secularism in India. When the chips are down, the BJP represents Hindutva and all that goes with it. The Congress may be opportunist in outlook, dynastic in attitude and authoritarian in approach, but its ethos is secular. It represents pluralism which was also the characteristic of freedom struggle.
The BJP has over the past few years hewn a path which circumvents the Muslim community. The party did not field a single Muslim candidate in Karnataka, Gujarat or a couple of other states where it fought elections in the last one and a half years. This seems to be the party's new policy. Muslims are roughly 15 per cent of India's population. Still the BJP has preferred to ignore them. They do not fit into the scheme of India the party has in view.
I am not suggesting that the BJP does not have Muslims as members. A couple of them are even office-bearers at its central organisational setup. Yet, the image of the BJP is that of a party which is anything but secular. Its constant, close links with the RSS makes the BJP still more suspect because the Sangh dictum is: Hindi-Hindu-Hindustan.
This is not a healthy development in a society which is constitutionally pluralistic and which is vehemently opposed to the two-nation theory. No doubt, the Congress is the most to blame because communal forces over the years have thrived at its expense. The party leaders, if they have the courage to speak out, must analyse why the Congress has lost its secular credentials. When a leader of the Nationalist Congress party, the Congress ally, proposes a joint government with the BJP at the centre and when RSS chief Sudarshan endorses the suggestion, the Congress must wake up to the general perception that it is not very different from the BJP.
Shrinking
The larger question which the country must face is why secularism is shrinking in the country. That the obsession of caste considerations is driving out the interest of community is largely true. Elections are fought primarily on the caste basis. But why the Congress has never projected the class, an economic conglomeration, to defeat the caste? It looks as if the party's own commitment to socialism and pluralism has got eroded. In a way, this is natural in a party where the decision-making process gets confined to a few and when the upper middle class frames the policy.
What about the other non-BJP parties? The Congress is not the country. All secular forces, big or small, have to think how to refurbish the value of pluralism which is losing its appeal. Getting together of pluralistic parties is worth a while in political terms so that the secular votes don't split. However, the challenge is moral. A nation traversing the path of constructing a secular polity is sought to be pushed towards a direction which is divisive, destructive and communal. It is not the structure that faces the danger. It is the very existence of the polity which has come to have a question mark against it. Why has the country even after 60 years of its rule failed to implant firmly pluralism which has the topmost priority?
India is proud of democracy. The system is based on the participation of all, equally and unequivocally. There is no majoritism or minoritism. Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs or Parsis are limbs which provide nourishment to the body politic. How and for how long can it stay healthy if some limbs are discarded or considered inferior for use? Pluralism and democracy are two sides of the same coin.
Sometimes I wonder whether Hindutva (Hindu nationalist ideology) is creeping in slowly and relentlessly. That may well have been the reason why the BJP did not communalise the election campaign in Karnataka and had no hesitation in getting Narendra Modi of Gujarat carnage fame electioneering for more than a week. The party had kept him away in some earlier elections. Modi represents the anti-thesis of pluralism. After all, he is the successor to L.K.Advani, the BJP's candidate for the post of prime minister, as the latter has publicly said.
Muslim extremists only aggravate the situation because they strengthen the BJP and its type of thinking when they indulge in bomb blasts or help the outsiders to do so and provide them with shelter.
Some Muslims organisations are doing a commendable job in holding public meetings and seminars, denouncing terrorism.
On the other hand, the harassment of Muslim youth in the name of fighting terrorism is instilling fear and a sense of insecurity into the community. A Muslim lawyer had a tough time at Faizabad court in UP the other day when he appeared for terrorist suspects. The bar had asked all lawyers not to defend them.
Yet, the basic question that Karnataka has thrown up remains unanswered. Is the Congress saleable as an alternative in the country? It has lost six states in a row in the last 18 months. Party president Sonia Gandhi is a crowd puller. But the crowd does not seem to be getting translated into votes.
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